Electronics
You cannot print a line finer than the light you print it with. The chip industry has been doing exactly that for twenty years
17 Sept 2026 · 9 min read
Optics says a projected feature cannot be much smaller than the wavelength used. Chipmaking stopped obeying that limit around 2004 and has been cheating it ever since — with water, with repeated exposures, and finally with a wavelength that nothing on earth can focus with a lens.
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